Vue.js

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Tooling ​

Try It Online ​

You don't need to install anything on your machine to try out Vue SFCs - there are online playgrounds that allow you to do so right in the browser:

  • Vue SFC Playground
    • Always deployed from latest commit
    • Designed for inspecting component compilation results
  • Vue + Vite on StackBlitz
    • IDE-like environment running actual Vite dev server in the browser
    • Closest to local setup

It is also recommended to use these online playgrounds to provide reproductions when reporting bugs.

Project Scaffolding ​

Vite ​

Vite is a lightweight and fast build tool with first-class Vue SFC support. It is created by Evan You, who is also the author of Vue!

To get started with Vite + Vue, simply run:

$ npm create vue@latest

This command will install and execute create-vue, the official Vue project scaffolding tool.

  • To learn more about Vite, check out the Vite docs.
  • To configure Vue-specific behavior in a Vite project, for example passing options to the Vue compiler, check out the docs for @vitejs/plugin-vue.

Both online playgrounds mentioned above also support downloading files as a Vite project.

Vue CLI ​

Vue CLI is the official webpack-based toolchain for Vue. It is now in maintenance mode and we recommend starting new projects with Vite unless you rely on specific webpack-only features. Vite will provide superior developer experience in most cases.

For information on migrating from Vue CLI to Vite:

Note on In-Browser Template Compilation ​

When using Vue without a build step, component templates are written either directly in the page's HTML or as inlined JavaScript strings. In such cases, Vue needs to ship the template compiler to the browser in order to perform on-the-fly template compilation. On the other hand, the compiler would be unnecessary if we pre-compile the templates with a build step. To reduce client bundle size, Vue provides different "builds" optimized for different use cases.

  • Build files that start with vue.runtime.* are runtime-only builds: they do not include the compiler. When using these builds, all templates must be pre-compiled via a build step.

  • Build files that do not include .runtime are full builds: they include the compiler and support compiling templates directly in the browser. However, they will increase the payload by ~14kb.

Our default tooling setups use the runtime-only build since all templates in SFCs are pre-compiled. If, for some reason, you need in-browser template compilation even with a build step, you can do so by configuring the build tool to alias vue to vue/dist/vue.esm-bundler.js instead.

If you are looking for a lighter-weight alternative for no-build-step usage, check out petite-vue.

IDE Support ​

  • The recommended IDE setup is VSCode + the Vue Language Features (Volar) extension. The extension provides syntax highlighting, TypeScript support, and intellisense for template expressions and component props.

    TIP

    Volar replaces Vetur, our previous official VSCode extension for Vue 2. If you have Vetur currently installed, make sure to disable it in Vue 3 projects.

  • WebStorm also provides great built-in support for Vue SFCs.

  • Other IDEs that support the Language Service Protocol (LSP) can also leverage Volar's core functionalities via LSP:

Browser Devtools ​

Guarda una video lezione gratuita su Vue School.

The Vue browser devtools extension allows you to explore a Vue app's component tree, inspect the state of individual components, track state management events, and profile performance.

devtools screenshot

TypeScript ​

Main article: Using Vue with TypeScript.

  • Volar provides type checking for SFCs using <script lang="ts"> blocks, including template expressions and cross-component props validation.

  • Use vue-tsc for performing the same type checking from the command line, or for generating d.ts files for SFCs.

Testing ​

Main article: Testing Guide.

  • Cypress is recommended for E2E tests. It can also be used for component testing for Vue SFCs via the Cypress Component Test Runner.

  • Vitest is a test runner created by Vue / Vite team members that focuses on speed. It is specifically designed for Vite-based applications to provide the same instant feedback loop for unit / component testing.

  • Jest can be made to work with Vite via vite-jest. However, this is only recommended if you have existing Jest-based test suites that you need to migrate over to a Vite-based setup, as Vitest provides similar functionalities with a much more efficient integration.

Linting ​

The Vue team maintains eslint-plugin-vue, an ESLint plugin that supports SFC-specific linting rules.

Users previously using Vue CLI may be used to having linters configured via webpack loaders. However when using a Vite-based build setup, our general recommendation is:

  1. npm install -D eslint eslint-plugin-vue, then follow eslint-plugin-vue's configuration guide.

  2. Setup ESLint IDE extensions, for example ESLint for VSCode, so you get linter feedback right in your editor during development. This also avoids unnecessary linting cost when starting the dev server.

  3. Run ESLint as part of the production build command, so you get full linter feedback before shipping to production.

  4. (Optional) Setup tools like lint-staged to automatically lint modified files on git commit.

Formatting ​

  • The Volar VSCode extension provides formatting for Vue SFCs out of the box.

  • Alternatively, Prettier provides built-in Vue SFC formatting support.

SFC Custom Block Integrations ​

Custom blocks are compiled into imports to the same Vue file with different request queries. It is up to the underlying build tool to handle these import requests.

  • If using Vite, a custom Vite plugin should be used to transform matched custom blocks into executable JavaScript. Example

  • If using Vue CLI or plain webpack, a webpack loader should be configured to transform the matched blocks. Example

Lower-Level Packages ​

@vue/compiler-sfc ​

This package is part of the Vue core monorepo and is always published with the same version as the main vue package. It is included as a dependency of the main vue package and proxied under vue/compiler-sfc so you don't need to install it individually.

The package itself provides lower-level utilities for processing Vue SFCs and is only meant for tooling authors that need to support Vue SFCs in custom tools.

TIP

Always prefer using this package via the vue/compiler-sfc deep import since this ensures its version is in sync with the Vue runtime.

@vitejs/plugin-vue ​

Official plugin that provides Vue SFC support in Vite.

vue-loader ​

The official loader that provides Vue SFC support in webpack. If you are using Vue CLI, also see docs on modifying vue-loader options in Vue CLI.

Other Online Playgrounds ​

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